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Usually when we talk about fabrics, the first thing that comes to our mind is ready made garments or stylelines. But we tend to forget that a considerable portion of home furnishings consist of textiles. A number of these furnishings are typical in households and are made according to certain general methods of construction and composition. The basic items may be grouped as sheets and pillowcases, blankets, terry towels and tablecloth.
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Sheets and Pillowcases:
Reference to sheets and pillowcases are generally related to fabrics woven with a plain weave of cotton or more often, cotton/ polyester blended yarns. These sheets are made into 2 types: Flat and Fitted. The flat sheets generally have about 2” to 4” hem at the top and about 1” at the bottom and should be long and wide enough for covering the sides of the mattress and tucking underneath it. There should be a tape selvage into which extra threads are woven. The selvage should be firm, strong and neat and no loose threads. They are generally preshrunk, though some residual shrinkage may occur and they are usually given a permanent press
finish. Fitted sheets on the other hand provide a convenience to the consumer. The corners conform to the shape and size of the mattress and the ends are hemmed with elastic
tapes. The selvage should be well constructed. They too are preshrunk and are given a no-iron finish. |
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Pillowcases are generally produced in sizes to fit pillows of standard, queen and king size.
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Blankets:
Blankets are made of various constructions and compositions, which provide different degrees of warmth, softness and durability. They are usually woven, but can be knitted. The yarns may be composed wholly or of blends of cotton, wool, nylon, acrylic or polyester. Blankets may be classified into 3 basic types: Conventional, thermal and flocked polyurethane. Their characteristics are some what different in appearance, texture, warmth, durability and care. Conventional blankets are usually heavily napped to produce a thick, close, fuzzy surface. These blankets can be dry- cleaned and are most durable type of blankets. Thermal blankets are woven ones, where the fabric is not napped. They are better suited for light weight or summer blankets. They are in general, weaker than and not as durable as conventional blanket. They can be laundered satisfactorily and are cheaper than the conventional types. |
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Flocked Polyurethane blankets are produced by flocking nylon fibres held in position with an acrylic adhesive. They are very soft, resilient and sometimes spongy. These blankets are more difficult to handle. They are the weakest and least durable and also have poor abrasion resistance because the flock tends to rub away leaving the polyurethane exposed.
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Terry Towels:
The primary function of a terry towels is to absorb moisture from wet skin. It must, however, be strong enough to withstand the strain of the rubbing and pulling, twisting and tugging of the user, and of constant laundering. Terry Towels are made either of all- cotton or a combination of cotton and polyester fibres. While polyester provides increased strength, lighter weight, faster drying after laundering and less shrinkage, all- cotton towels provide greater absorbency. One should not purchase towels merely by a brand name because the name identifies only the manufacturer not a particular quality of terry towel. A company may manufacture many different grades and qualities of terry towels under the same brand name.
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Terry fabric is constructed of a pile weave with or without a Jacquard pattern or other decorative design. The pile can be a cut pile or an uncut pile. But for towels the pile should preferably be uncut for greater wear of the fabric. Terry towels are available in variety of ranges and sizes like hand towels, bath towels, extra large and beach towels. Within the groups, dimensions vary among manufacturers.
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Table cloth:
They are generally made of cotton, linen, polyester or blends of any combinations of these fibres. They are produced in various ways, designs and patterns. Among the most popular are damask and lace constructions. Linen is the most expensive and has set the mode or style frequently limited with the less costly fibres. Although linen generally requires greater care of laundering and ironing than such easy-care finished cloth as are made from cotton/ polyester blends, linen damask table cloths continue to enjoy a high status because of their beauty, luxuriousness and durability.
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Thus, we have seen that textiles in their raw form can be used to make various types of finished goods other than garments.
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